Cultural journalism in a digital environment : new models, practices and possibilities

Both culture coverage and digital journalism are contemporary phenomena that have undergone several transformations within a short period of time. Whenever the media enters a period of uncertainty such as the present one, there is an attempt to innovate in order to seek sustainability, skip the crisis or find a new public. This indicates that there are new trends to be understood and explored, i.e., how are media innovating in a digital environment? Not only does the professional debate about the future of journalism justify the need to explore the issue, but so do the academic approaches to cultural journalism. However, none of the studies so far have considered innovation as a motto or driver and tried to explain how the media are covering culture, achieving sustainability and engaging with the readers in a digital environment. This research examines how European media which specialize in culture or have an important cultural section are innovating in a digital environment. Specifically, we see how these innovation strategies are being taken in relation to the approach to culture and dominant cultural areas, editorial models, the use of digital tools for telling stories, overall brand positioning and extensions, engagement with the public and business models. We conducted a mixed methods study combining case studies of four media projects, which integrates qualitative web features and content analysis, with quantitative web content analysis. Two major general-interest journalistic brands which started as physical newspapers – The Guardian (London, UK) and Público (Lisbon, Portugal) – a magazine specialized in international affairs, culture and design – Monocle (London, UK) – and a native digital media project that was launched by a cultural organization – Notodo, by La Fábrica – were the four case studies chosen. Findings suggest, on one hand, that we are witnessing a paradigm shift in culture coverage in a digital environment, challenging traditional boundaries related to cultural themes and scope, angles, genres, content format and delivery, engagement and business models. Innovation in the four case studies lies especially along the product dimensions (format and content), brand positioning and process (business model and ways to engage with users). On the other hand, there are still perennial values that are crucial to innovation and sustainability, such as commitment to journalism, consistency (to the reader, to brand extensions and to the advertiser), intelligent differentiation and the capability of knowing what innovation means and how it can be applied, since this thesis also confirms that one formula doesn´t suit all. Changing minds, exceeding cultural inertia and optimizing the memory of the websites, looking at them as living, organic bodies, which continuously interact with the readers in many different ways, and not as a closed collection of articles, are still the main challenges for some media.Both culture coverage and digital journalism are contemporary phenomena that have undergone several transformations within a short period of time. Whenever the media enters a period of uncertainty such as the present one, there is an attempt to innovate in order to seek sustainability, skip the crisis or find a new public. This indicates that there are new trends to be understood and explored, i.e., how are media innovating in a digital environment? Not only does the professional debate about the future of journalism justify the need to explore the issue, but so do the academic approaches to cultural journalism. However, none of the studies so far have considered innovation as a motto or driver and tried to explain how the media are covering culture, achieving sustainability and engaging with the readers in a digital environment. This research examines how European media which specialize in culture or have an important cultural section are innovating in a digital environment. Specifically, we see how these innovation strategies are being taken in relation to the approach to culture and dominant cultural areas, editorial models, the use of digital tools for telling stories, overall brand positioning and extensions, engagement with the public and business models. We conducted a mixed methods study combining case studies of four media projects, which integrates qualitative web features and content analysis, with quantitative web content analysis. Two major general-interest journalistic brands which started as physical newspapers – The Guardian (London, UK) and Público (Lisbon, Portugal) – a magazine specialized in international affairs, culture and design – Monocle (London, UK) – and a native digital media project that was launched by a cultural organization – Notodo, by La Fábrica – were the four case studies chosen. Findings suggest, on one hand, that we are witnessing a paradigm shift in culture coverage in a digital environment, challenging traditional boundaries related to cultural themes and scope, angles, genres, content format and delivery, engagement and business models. Innovation in the four case studies lies especially along the product dimensions (format and content), brand positioning and process (business model and ways to engage with users). On the other hand, there are still perennial values that are crucial to innovation and sustainability, such as commitment to journalism, consistency (to the reader, to brand extensions and to the advertiser), intelligent differentiation and the capability of knowing what innovation means and how it can be applied, since this thesis also confirms that one formula doesn´t suit all. Changing minds, exceeding cultural inertia and optimizing the memory of the websites, looking at them as living, organic bodies, which continuously interact with the readers in many different ways, and not as a closed collection of articles, are still the main challenges for some media

Apocalípticos e Integrados

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Populações Tradicionais: Uma reflexão sobre a questão nutricional

Este artigo tem por objetivo fomentar reflexões sobre a questão nutricional diante das especificidades das populações tradicionais da Amazônia brasileira. Para tal, discorremos sobre temáticas que norteiam o campo da bioética quanto à vulnerabilidade, ao processo de transição nutricional, ao direito humano à alimentação adequada, além das experiências de vivência acadêmica que nos conduziram a reflexões do tem

Resistance gradient of black pod disease in cocoa and selection by leaf disk assay

To characterize the gradient of resistance to black pod disease experimentally, the leaf disk assay was applied to 217 cocoa genotypes. The parameters time interval, number of leaves evaluated per genotype and distribution of experimental treatments were evaluated. Significant differences between genotypes were found, resulting in the grouping in five homogenous groups (p < 0.01). In the assessments with the leaf disk test, five and seven days after inoculation, the F value was highest after seven days, clearly separating the resistant from susceptible genotypes. There was no difference between the clones behavior and the use of more than one box to group the genotypes (p = 0.56) and the use of different leaves of the same genotype (p = 0.08). The resistance gradient observed indicates variability enough for mapping and cocoa breeding in the population. (Résumé d'auteur

Oral hygiene to a hospitalized dependent patient: perceptions of a nursing team

Objective: To discuss the perception of the nursing team about the oral hygiene of hospitalized dependent patients. Method: A descriptive, qualitative study performed in the medical and surgical clinics of a hospital in the interior of Bahia, from March to July 2006, data obtained through a semistructured interview applied to seventeen participants, complemented by structured observation. Outcome: After analyzing the thematic content emerged three categories that reveal: oral hygiene as important care for the patient; oral hygiene avoids the discomfort of the team in providing other care; and oral hygiene can be delegated to the family. Conclusion: In the context studied there is no protocol for this care, odors from the patient's mouth define their periodicity, oral hygiene is performed by family members and nurses do not participate directly in this care

Identificación de genotipos de lechuga crespa cultivados para un amplio rango de ambientes

This work aims to select crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L) genotypes superior in production, stability, and adaptability using a mixed model method: restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction. Ten genotypes were grown in different municipalities of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, and seasons of the year, resulting in twelve different environments. The experiment has a randomized complete block design with four repetitions. Genotypes comprise eight breeding lines and two commercial cultivars, Vanda and Vera. The evaluated traits include total production in g/plant, commercial production in g/plant, and numbers of leaves/plant. Analysis of joint deviance indicated that the genotypes responded differently to the environments evaluated. The crisphead lettuce breeding lines that were most productive, stable, and adapted to the twelve lettuce-growing environments, even outperforming the commercial Vanda and Vera cultivars, were lines L8, L2, and L6.El objetivo de este trabajo fue seleccionar genotipos superiores de lechuga crespa (Lactuca sativa L) en términos de producción, estabilidad y adaptabilidad, cultivados en diferentes municipios y estaciones del año en el Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, mediante la metodología de modelos mixtos: máxima probabilidad residual o restringida/mejor predicción lineal no sesgada. El diseño experimental utilizado fue el de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones y diez genotipos compuestos de ocho líneas y los cultivares comerciales Vanda y Vera, que se plantaron en doce ambientes diferentes. Los caracteres evaluados fueron producción total en g/planta, producción comercial en g/planta y número de hojas/planta. El análisis de desviación conjunta indicó que los genotipos presentaron respuestas diferentes en los diferentes ambientes evaluados. Las líneas de lechuga crespa más productivas, estables y adaptadas a los doce ambientes de cultivo de lechuga que superaron a los cultivares comerciales Vanda y Vera fueron: L8, L2 y L6

Diminuição da expressão das 5'desiodases parece ser um evento precoce na patogênese do carcinoma papilar de tireóide

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Diagnóstico de toxoplasmose disseminada através de técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase realizada no lavado bronco-alveolar de paciente com SIDA

Pulmonary toxoplasmosis is a challenging diagnosis in immunosuppressed patients with nonspecific clinical picture and radiologic findings. We present a case of pneumonia due to Toxoplasma gondii diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Coinfection with Pneumocystis jirovecii was found in the same specimen. Direct examination and culture for bacteria, mycobacteria and other fungus were negative. Despite the intensive management, respiratory compromise evolved rapidly, with the need for ventilatory support. Acute respiratory distress syndrome developed, and the patient died of multiple organ failure. This case illustrates that a high index of suspicion is necessary for diagnosis of pulmonary toxoplasmosis, a potentially fatal condition. Due to high diagnostic performance, PCR in BAL fluid should be included in the evaluation of immunosuppressed patients with nonspecific pulmonary diseases.O diagnóstico de toxoplasmose pulmonar em pacientes imunossuprimidos é difícil, devido ao quadro clínico e aos achados radiológicos inespecíficos. Neste artigo, relatamos o caso de uma paciente com síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (SIDA), que apresentou pneumonia por Toxoplasma gondii diagnosticada através de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) no lavado bronco-alveolar (LBA). A paciente apresentava co-infecção com Pneumocystis jirovecii. Os demais exames microbiológicos, como bacterioscópico, cultural para bactérias, micobactérias e fungos, foram negativos. Apesar do manejo intensivo, a paciente evoluiu com síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo e óbito por falência múltipla dos órgãos. Este caso demonstra que um alto índice de suspeita clínica é necessário para o diagnóstico de pneumonia por Toxoplasma gondii. Devido ao seu desempenho diagnóstico, o PCR para Toxoplasma gondii no LBA deve ser incluído na avaliação de pacientes imunossuprimidos com quadros pulmonares inespecíficos

Educación superior: implementación de nuevos conocimientos en tiempos de la pandemia del Covid-19

Objective: to describe the experience from a discipline of the undergraduate course in obstetrics at the University of São Paulo, taught in 2020, which presents the implementation of digital methods and tools in the educational field. Method: this is an experience report on a discipline experienced by students in the 5th semester of the undergraduate course in Obstetrics at the University of São Paulo amid the pandemic and suspension of face-to-face classes. Results: the adoption of emergency remote teaching demanded the adaptation of students and teachers to the new configuration of the teaching process and stimulated the use of digital media and other technologies, which allowed the teacher to restructure the adopted teaching strategies and to the students greater creativity and new results in the preparation of the activities of the discipline. Conclusion: the use of active methodologies enabled the construction of the teaching-learning process and promoted the protagonism of students, stimulating the production of new knowledge from a collective and dynamic construction, taking into account the use of virtual environments as a teaching tool. In addition to the learning and products of the discipline, which were only possible thanks to social media, the use of technological tools and active methodologies positively transformed student-teacher, student-monitor and teacher-monitor communication.Objetivo: describir la experiencia surgida de una disciplina del curso de graduación en obstetricia en la Universidad de São Paulo, impartida en 2020, que presenta la implementación de métodos y herramientas digitales en el campo educativo. Método: se trata de un relato de las experiencias surgidas en una disciplina desarrollada por estudiantes del 5º semestre del curso de graduación en Obstetricia de la Universidad de São Paulo en medio de la pandemia y suspensión de clases presenciales. Resultados: la adopción de la enseñanza a distancia por emergencia exigió la adaptación de estudiantes y docentes a la nueva configuración del proceso de enseñanza y estimuló el uso de medios digitales y otras tecnologías, lo que permitió al docente reestructurar las estrategias de enseñanza adoptadas y a los estudiantes mayor creatividad y nuevos resultados en la preparación de las actividades de la disciplina. Conclusión: el uso de metodologías activas posibilitó la construcción del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y promovió el protagonismo de los estudiantes, estimulando la producción de nuevos conocimientos a partir de una construcción colectiva y dinámica, teniendo en cuenta el uso de entornos virtuales como herramienta de enseñanza. Además de los aprendizajes y productos de la disciplina, que solo fueron posibles gracias a las redes sociales, el uso de herramientas tecnológicas y metodologías activas transformó positivamente la comunicación alumno-profesor, alumno-monitor y profesor-monitor

Parent selection for cocoa resistance to witches'- broom

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar genótipos com alta capacidade geral de combinação quanto à resistência à vassoura-de-bruxa (Moniliophthora perniciosa), em populações formadas a partir do primeiro ciclo de seleção recorrente. Clones altamente produtivos e resistentes à vassoura-de-bruxa, de diferentes procedências, foram intercruzados com uso do delineamento Carolina do Norte II. Como progenitores paternos, foram utilizados os clones SCA 6, CSUL 7, RB 39, CEPEC 89, OC 67, BE 4, EEG 29 e ICS 98 e, como maternos, NA 33, CCN 10, IMC 67, P 4B, CCN 51, CEPEC 86, SGU 54 e ICS 9. Vinte dias após a germinação, 56 plântulas de cada cruzamento (quatro repetições de 14 plântulas) receberam inoculação de 1 mL de suspensão com 7,5x 104 basidiósporos mL-1. Os sintomas foram avaliados 60 dias após a inoculação. Foram observadas diferenças significativas, entre os progenitores paternais e entre os progenitores maternais, quanto à resistência à vassoura-de-bruxa avaliada pela proporção de plântulas das progênies com sintomas da doença. Diferenças também foram observadas entre grupos de progenitores paternais ou maternais previamente definidos como resistentes, e grupos previamente definidos como suscetíveis. É possível obter, diretamente de primeiros ciclos de seleção recorrente, uma combinação de genes que possa aumentar a resistência à vassoura-de-bruxa.The objective of this work was to identify genotypes with high general combining ability for resistance to witches'-broom (Moniliophthora perniciosa) in populations formed from a first cycle of recurrent selection. Highly productive and resistant clones from different origins were interbred using the North Carolina II design. The clones SCA 6, CSUL 7, RB 39, CEPEC 89, OC 67, BE 4, EEG 29 and ICS 98 were used as paternal parents, while the maternal ones were NA 33, CCN 10, IMC 67, P 4B, CCN 51, CEPEC 86, SGU 54 and ICS 9. Twenty days after germination, 56 seedlings of each cross (four replicates of 14 seedlings) received the inoculation of a 1-mL suspension with 7.5x 104 basidiospores mL-1. Symptoms were evaluated 60 days after inoculation. Significant differences were observed among paternal and among maternal parents, for resistance to witches'-broom assessed according to the proportion of progeny seedlings with the disease symptoms. Differences were also observed between groups of mothers or fathers previously defined as resistant, and groups previously defined as susceptible. It is possible to obtain a combination of genes that can increase the level of resistance to witches'-broom directly from the first cycle of recurrent selection